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Record-Breaking Heat: Global Heat Domes in 2023
In the year 2023, extreme weather events have become increasingly prevalent, with heat domes taking center stage in driving these unprecedented conditions. As we observe four simultaneous heat domes spread across the Northern Hemisphere, the repercussions are felt globally, with a common thread being the alarming number of broken temperature records.
In North America, a formidable heat dome has settled over the southwestern United States for over two weeks, leaving a trail of scorching temperatures in its wake. Phoenix, Arizona, has borne the brunt of this heat, experiencing a staggering 19 consecutive days of 43.3°C or higher temperatures from June 30 to July 18. Disturbingly, forecasts predict that this sweltering heat will persist for another seven to 10 days, further exacerbating the already challenging conditions.
The North Atlantic Ocean, too, has witnessed record-breaking temperatures, with various factors contributing to the intensification of this heat dome. A lack of wind has allowed the ocean’s surface to warm rapidly, reducing upwelling, while diminished Saharan dust has resulted in less light being reflected back into space. These factors, coupled with the ongoing effects of climate change, have pushed temperatures to unprecedented levels.
"We are seeing a continuing growth in frequency, duration & intensity of #heatwaves, which is entirely consistent with the science of global warming & IPCC reports.
These events will continue to grow in intensity. The world needs to prepare for more intense heatwaves."
– @WMO pic.twitter.com/b482UzhSz8— United Nations Geneva (@UNGeneva) July 18, 2023
Over in North Africa, another heat dome has wreaked havoc, particularly affecting countries such as Spain, Italy, Morocco, and Algeria. Rome, Italy, experienced its highest-ever recorded temperature of 42.9°C, as the relentless heat wave swept across southern Europe during its peak tourist season.
Asia has also witnessed the impact of a heat dome, with China achieving its highest all-time temperature record of 52.2°C in Sanbao Township, Xinjiang’s Turpan Depression, on July 16. While this record-breaking temperature highlights the severity of the heat dome, it is essential to acknowledge that the station responsible for recording this data is relatively new, limiting the historical context.
The convergence of these four heat domes during a critical period coincided with climate talks between the United States and China, with U.S. envoy John Kerry visiting China for the discussions. The record-breaking heat serves as a poignant reminder of the urgent need for global cooperation in addressing the impacts of climate change.
As the world grapples with these extreme weather events and shattered temperature records, it becomes increasingly evident that collective action is essential to mitigate the effects of climate change.
